目的 探讨种植修复对老年口腔衰弱状态的中期影响，分析修复后口腔衰弱的变化轨迹。方法 采用前瞻性队列研究，纳入南通市口腔医院2025年1—11月60例种植修复老年患者，在修复体戴入时（T0）、戴入后1个月（T1）、3个月（T2）和6个月（T3）采用中文版口腔衰弱指数量表进行评估。采用重复测量方差分析和Cochran’s Q检验分析数据。结果 完成随访的55例患者口腔衰弱指数总分随时间显著下降（F=45.321，P＜0.001），从T0的4.9±1.50分降至T3的2.1±1.0分。口腔衰弱检出率从76.4%降至9.1%（Q=85.17，P＜0.001）。各维度改善趋势不同：咀嚼能力与社会参与在T1即显著改善（P＜0.001），口腔干燥与健康行为相关改善至T3方达显著（P＜0.05）。结论 种植修复可在中期有效改善老年口腔衰弱状态，核心功能与社会心理改善较早，主观感受与行为改善相对滞后。临床应将逆转口腔衰弱作为重要目标，实施阶段性康复管理以巩固长期效果。

老年人；种植体；口腔修复；口腔衰弱；纵向研究

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